Evaluating
Websites
This site is designed to help students evaluate the information
found on websites. There is so much
information you can find on the Web. How
do you know what is real and what is fake?
Use the guide below to aid you in evaluating a website. There are
questions listed that you may ask yourself when you are evaluating the contents
of a website. These may help you to
validate or invalidate the information presented on the site. Hopefully it will help you to weed out some of
the poor websites with false information that you may come across during your
research.
1. What Can You Learn From the URL?
The URL (Uniform
Resource Locator) is the unique address of any Web document. There is a specific layout to every URL:
|
Type
of file (could say ftp:// or telnet://) |
Domain
name (computer file is on and its location on the Internet) |
Path
or directory on the computer to this file
|
Name
of file, and its file extension (usually ending in .html or .htm) |
|
http:// |
www.mcdaniel.edu
or www2.mcdaniel.edu |
webapps/portal/
|
glossary.html
|
Questions to ask:
Is it
somebody’s personal page?
§
Look for a personal name (jsmith or
jones) followed by a ~ or %
§
Look for the word “users” or
“members” or “people”
Does it
have an appropriate domain?
§
Look for edu., gov., org. or com.
§
Does the domain make sense for what
you are searching for?
2. Search for Indicators of Quality.
Look for “links”,
“additional sites”, “related links” and footnotes. Explore these links to see if they work and
are reputable. See if the links lead to any documentation or other resources,
such as journal articles or bibliographies.
Questions
to ask:
Are there links to
other resources on the topic?
§
Do the links work?
§
Are they well chosen, well organized,
and/or evaluated?
§
Do they represent other viewpoints?
If information is from another source, is it
completely unaltered and authentic or forged?
§
Is
information retyped and easily altered?
§
Is
it reproduced from another publication?
§
Are
copyright information provided?
§
Is
there a link to the original work?
3. Who Wrote the Page?
It is important to find
out who the author is. You are looking
for someone who claims accountability and responsibility for what is
written. The web page was written with a
purpose by a person, agency or entity.
Questions to ask:
Who is the author?
§
Look for the name, agency,
organization, institution or whoever is responsible for the page.
§
Look for an email address to politely
ask for more information.
Is the
page dated and current enough?
§
Is it old information on a
time-sensitive, currently evolving topic?
§
Has the author maintained interest in
the page or has it been abandoned?
§
When was the site created and how
long has it been since it has been updated?
4. Who is the site for?
Authors usually try to
target a specific target audience. Make
sure the site contents are suitable for your reading comprehension level. Many websites are geared toward the highly
educated adult.
Questions
to ask:
Who is the target audience of this site?
§
Is the content too difficult to
understand?
§
Are there too many words I do not
recognize?
Is the content
appropriate for my needs?
§
Does the content contain too general
or too specific information?
§
Is the site kid-friendly and written
in a manner I can understand?
5. What Do Others Say?
Try to find out what
others think about the author and contents of this site by doing a link
search. Copy (highlight and Control + C)
the URL of the website in question.
Simply go to Google or Yahoo!
Then type link: in the search field.
Paste the URL immediately after the colon (no space in between). Then a list of all the websites containing a
link to that site will be shown. You may
also “google” the author’s name in a search engine.
Questions
to ask:
Who links to the page?
§
Are there many links?
§
What kinds of sites are they?
§
What do they say?
Is the
page listed in one or more reputable directories?
§
What do the directories say?
§
Does it coincide with the information
on the website?
6. Does Everything Add Up?
After reviewing all the
information about the website, think about the author’s intentions and why the
site was created. It is usually best to
follow your gut reaction. If you have
any doubts, ask your teacher for advice.
Always consider that you could be reading a total spoof, fake or
fraudulent creation. Think about other
resources that may be a better source for information on what you are
researching.
Questions
to ask:
Why was this website posted?
§
Give information, facts, or data?
§
Persuade or entice?
§
Sell a product or idea?
§
Disclose information?
§
Share?
Might
it be ironic, a satire or parody?
§
Consider the “tone” of the page.
§
Is it humorous, exaggerated or
contain overblown arguments?
§
Does it have outrageous graphics or
photographs?
Is this
as good a source as you could find at the library?
Are you being
completely fair and objective?
Are your hopes overshadowing your interpretation of the
site?
What are the requirements from your teacher for reliability
of sources?