Notes
Phil 2233: Elementary Logic
Peter Bradley
TTh 10:-11:30
Hill 005
Slide TEXT
1st: paraphrasing
Non-TF connectives
Subjuctives:
If I were not a carpenter, I know just what I'd be...
If Buckner had not missed that ground ball, he'd ...
'were'
Why not?
Because:
Can a subjuctive be true or false?
If Hitler had not invaded Russia, he would not have lost the war.
If Miami-Dade county had not had such a confusing ballot in 2000, we would not be in war in Iraq now.
If T.O. had not broken his ankle, the Eagles would have ended 2004 13-1.
The antecedent is false, so, according to our rules for conditionals, these are all true!
Other connectives?
'I believe that'
'It is well known that'
'I know that'
'I desire that'
T-F?
Igneous rocks are produced by volcanos.
I believe that igneous rocks are produced by volcanos.
It is well known that igneous rocks are produced by volcanos.
I know that igneous rocks are produced by volcanos.
I desire that igneous rocks are produced by volcanos.
probable
Either the coin will come up heads, or it will come up tails.
Probably, the coin will come up heads or it will come up tails.
The coin will probably come up heads or it will probably come up tails.
Desire
I want to be at Temple.
Temple is in a really, really dangerous neighborhood.
Therefore, I want to be in a really, really dangerous neighborhood.
Slide C
or 'in'?
I have a pain in my finger.
My finger is in my mouth.
Therefore, I have a pain in my mouth.
Negation
I see a woman.
I don't see a head.
Therefore, I see a woman without a head.
Knowledge
I see Bob.
Bob is a policeman.
Therefore, I see a policeman.
I know Bob.
I don't know that Bob is a policeman.
Therefore, I don't know a policeman.
Modal relationships:
Glacon and Adimanteus are brothers.
The relationship of brotherhood is necessary.
Therefore, Glacon necessarily has a brother, Adimanteus.
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