What are the benefits of nontidal wetlands?

The abundance and condition of wetlands in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, including those in Carroll County, are directly linked to the health of the bay. Nontidal wetlands possess many similar characteristics as tidal wetlands and they perform similar ecological functions like:

1. Fish and wildlife habitat. Species of wildlife such as waterfowl, beavers and muskrats, use nontidal wetlands for breeding, wintering and migrating.

2. Habitat for rare, threatened, and endangered species. Nontidal wetlands are also home to some endangered species. When these areas are filled for development, or polluted, populations of species will decline.

3. Erosion control. Wetland plants are extremely effective in limiting erosion because of their complex root system which holds soil in place and reduces sedimentation.

4. Water quality improvement. Any runoff water which passes through nontidal wetlands is filtered. This comes from a wetland's ability to capture and retain excess nutrients and pollutants and trap sediment.

5. Stormwater and flood control. Fastmoving storm and flood waters are temporarily stored in nontidal wetlands. The gradual release of this water reduces erosion.

6. Contribution of organic material to the food chain.. The aquatic food chain is dependent upon tidal and nontidal wetlands to provide nutrients for the species living in the wetlands habitat. organic material, food, is produced in the water by the breakdown of wetland plant leaves and stems.

7. Timber production.. Nontidal wetlands also produce natural crops, the most important being timber. Common species include Oak and Red Maple.

8. Recreation and scenic beauty. Nontidal wetlands provide opportunity for recreation such as fishing, hunting, hiking, birdwatching, and canoeing.

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