The fungal world: Basic traits	Zygomycetes	Ascomycetes	Basidomycetes
Chytrids	Slime molds (P)	Oomycota	1. Deuteromycetes 2. Lichens

Basidomycetes: Subdivision Basidiomycotina - The Club Fungi

• Basidomycetes are filamentous with both uninucleate and or dikaryotic hyphae depending on stage.
• Their hyphae is septated, and the pore protected with a doliopre: the image on the left below shows the dolipore surrounding the pore in the wall. (image taken from:http://www.pacificcoast.net/%7Emycolog/chapter5a.htm...

On the right: cut through thallus of a basidocarp; note loose hypheal supporting structure(lab slide image)

• They form structures called basidia ( singular =. basidium) that bear the sexually derived spores on the fruiting body which is called the basidiocarp ( commonly known as a mushroom).

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basidospores on basdia on gill;cut through a gill showing basidia with basidospores attached (lab images).

• Again most species are decomposers but some do cause important plant diseases - the smuts and rusts;k really ugly diseases.

Life cycle:

The life cycle is as follows: Spores germinate into uninucleate hyphae. Two different hyphal strands can fuse to form a dikaryotic hyphae.To insure that each new cell contains a nucleus of each type a clamp connection must be formed - see diagram beneath (b). The dikaryotic tissue forms the basidiocarp. As they develop, basidia form on the gills, which makes up the cap.As the basidia form the 2 nuclei fuse to form a 2N nucleus and then goes meiosis to form the 1N spores which are dispersed to the wind.

B. Clamp connection to insure that 2 different nuclei ( one of each type) contribute to the new hyphae...

Production of spores: these great animation comes from the great fungi site: the 5th Kingdom: http://www.pacificcoast.net/%7Emycolog/chapter5a.htm. Below is an animation which show how the spores form from the dikaryon state: assume recombination and formation of a new genotype...

II. Classes of the Basidiomycetes; they are too beautiful to ignore....

* Order Agaricales (Gill, Pore, Coral and Toothed fungi) Examples: Agaricus & Coprinus (Shaggy Mane) &Polyporus ( Wood-rooting bracket fungus)

Image of a Polyporous species taken from:gopher://wiscinfo.wisc.edu:2070/I9/.image/.bot/.332/Zygomycota/Zycomycotina_

* Order Lycoperdales example: Lycoperdon (Puffball)

* Order Hymeniales example: Ramaria (Coral Fungus): to be inserted..

 

* Order Phallales example: Phallus (Stinkhorn) from:gopher://wiscinfo.wisc.edu:2070/I9/.image/.bot/.332/Zygomycota/Zycomycotina_

* Order Nidulariales example: Cyathus (Bird's-nest fungi)from:

gopher://wiscinfo.wisc.edu:2070/I9/.image/.bot/.332/Zygomycota/Zycomycotina_

 

* Order Uredinales example: rusts of gyymnosperms, wheat etc.

image from: gopher://wiscinfo.wisc.edu:2070/I9/.image/.bot/.332/Zygomycota/Zycomycotina_

* Order Ustilaginales.example: Ustilago (Corn smut)

fromLgopher://wiscinfo.wisc.edu:2070/I9/.image/.bot/.332/Zygomycota/Zycomycotina_

 

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